40.7829, -73.9654 EDT · change location
| Dawn 16.1° Sun 16.1° below the horizon before sunrise | 4:59:50 AM | עלות השחר |
| Earliest Tallis/Tefillin 10.2° Sun 10.2° below the horizon before sunrise | 5:33:33 AM | זמן ציצית ותפילין |
| Sunrise | 6:24:51 AM | הנץ החמה |
| Latest Shema Gra 3 seasonal hours into the day | 9:39:50 AM | סוף זמן קריאת שמע |
| Midday Solar transit | 12:55:10 PM | חצות היום |
| Earliest Mincha Lechumra Later of 6½ seasonal hours and 30 minutes after midday | 1:27:18 PM | מנחה גדולה |
| Mincha Ketana Gra 9½ seasonal hours into the day | 4:42:17 PM | מנחה קטנה |
| Plag Hamincha Gra 10¾ seasonal hours into the day | 6:03:32 PM | פלג המנחה |
| Sunset | 7:24:46 PM | שקיעת החמה |
| Nightfall Geonim 8.5° Sun 8.5° below the horizon after sunset | 8:06:28 PM | צאת הכוכבים |
From the timezone boundary this point falls inside.
Boundaries from timezone-boundary-builder, built from OpenStreetMap data and used under the ODbL.
Times are computed with the KosherJava calculations.
Dawn, taken as the moment before sunrise when the sun is 16.1° below the horizon. Solved from the sun’s position, so its distance from sunrise changes with the date and the latitude rather than being a fixed number of minutes.
KosherJava getAlos16Point1Degrees()
The earliest time for tallis and tefillin, taken as the moment before sunrise when the sun is 10.2° below the horizon — misheyakir, when there is light enough to recognize a familiar face.
KosherJava getMisheyakir10Point2Degrees()
The moment the sun’s upper edge first touches the horizon. Starting from the geometric zenith of 90°, the calculator adds the sun’s apparent radius (about 16 arcminutes, varying slightly through the year) and atmospheric refraction (34 arcminutes), giving a zenith near 90.83°. Elevation is not applied here — the horizon is assumed clear and at sea level.
KosherJava getSunrise()
The latest time to say Shema: 3 seasonal hours into the day, with the day measured from sunrise to sunset, following the Gra. A seasonal hour (shaah zmanis) is a twelfth of that day, so it stretches through the summer and shrinks in winter.
KosherJava getSofZmanShmaGRA()
The moment the sun crosses the local meridian, computed astronomically. Note this is a choice: the other common approach is the exact midpoint between sunrise and sunset, which can land a few seconds away because the two halves of the solar day are not quite equal.
KosherJava getChatzosHayom()
Whichever of two reckonings falls later on the day in question: six and a half seasonal hours after sunrise, or a fixed thirty clock minutes after midday. In winter, when half a seasonal hour is shorter than thirty minutes, the fixed thirty is the later one; through the summer the seasonal reckoning is. Taking the later of the two is what makes this the stringent reading.
KosherJava getMinchaGedolaGRAGreaterThan30()
The preferred earliest time for mincha: 9½ seasonal hours into the day, with the day measured from sunrise to sunset, following the Gra. A seasonal hour (shaah zmanis) is a twelfth of that day, so it stretches through the summer and shrinks in winter.
KosherJava getMinchaKetanaGRA()
Plag hamincha, an hour and a quarter of seasonal time before the day ends: 10¾ seasonal hours into the day, with the day measured from sunrise to sunset, following the Gra. A seasonal hour (shaah zmanis) is a twelfth of that day, so it stretches through the summer and shrinks in winter.
KosherJava getPlagHaminchaGRA()
The moment the sun’s upper edge leaves the horizon, using the same zenith adjustment as sunrise, near 90.83°. Elevation is not applied.
KosherJava getSunset()
Nightfall according to the Geonim, taken as the moment after sunset when the sun is 8.5° below the horizon. Solved from the sun’s position, so the gap from sunset varies with the date and the latitude rather than being fixed.
KosherJava getTzaisGeonim8Point5Degrees()